Based on daily meteorological data of sunshine hours，wind speed，air temperature and relative humidity at 80 weather stations from 1961 to 2008，the human comfort index in Gansu province was calculated and its spatial and temporal distribution was analyzed also．The results show that human comfort degree ranged from cool to comfort in Gansu，the cool days were 60 percent and comfort days were 40 percent of the whole year and there were no uncomfortable days in a year．The human comfort degree kept a higher level that the comfortable days were nearly six monthes in most places except for Gannan Plateau．The most comfort regions for human living were the southeastern part of Gansu province，including Wudu，Wenxian，Maiji，Tianshui，and the eastern and middle part as well as Hexi Corridor of Gansu province．In addition it indicated that comfortable days increased due to climate change．

Based on daily precipitation data of 31 weather stations in the southeast region of Gansu province from 1967 to 2001，the climatecharacteristics，yearly and decadal variation of the temporal and spatial distribution of heavy to torrential rains there have been analyzed in this paper. The torrential rain standard was reestablished there which is different from that confirmed by CMA. The research will provide the climatic background for short - term forecasting system of heavy to torrential rain there.

 Based on the reanalysis data of the upper air grid point from NCEP during 1967一2000，the(harac;teristi<、of both upper and lower air(irc;ulation(urgent fields under the(ondition of heavy or torrential rains were analyzed and the(limatic; models of three upper and lower air(irc;ulation patterns and their departure difference fields were established month by month in May to September by experience and statistical method.  Thus the essential theoretical foundation for analyzing weather forecast result establishing predicting factors data and setting up the model of short range forecast has been provided